An elbow fitting is a pipe fitting used to change the direction of flow in a piping system, typically by 90 or 45 degrees. It is essential for routing pipelines around obstacles or for changing the orientation of the piping layout.

Types of Elbow Fittings:

1. 90-degree elbow: Turns the pipe at a right angle.

2. 45-degree elbow: Creates a gentler turn.

3. Reducing elbow: Changes both direction and pipe size.

4. Street elbow: One end has male threads, and the other has female threads, allowing for direct connection without additional fittings.

Materials: Elbows can be made from materials such as steel, copper, brass, PVC, or stainless steel, depending on the application and the type of fluid or gas being transported.

Applications: Elbow fittings are widely used in plumbing, HVAC systems, irrigation, and industrial piping to guide fluid flow efficiently while minimizing pressure loss or turbulence.